The Golden Circle

The Golden Circle stands as Iceland’s most iconic scenic route, looping approximately 230 kilometers (140 miles) from the capital city of Reykjavík into the southern uplands. This condensed circuit offers an efficient yet comprehensive showcase of the country’s distinct geological and historical identity, anchored by three primary landmarks.

The journey typically begins at Þingvellir National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site where the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates physically drift apart. This dramatic rift valley also marks the birthplace of Alþingi, Iceland's parliament established in 930 AD.

Further along the route lies the Haukadalur Geothermal Area, home to boiling mud pools and striking fumaroles. While the famous Great Geysir remains largely dormant, its neighbor, Strokkur, reliably erupts every few minutes, launching columns of boiling water up to 30 meters into the air.

The final anchor of the classic loop is Gullfoss, or the "Golden Falls." Here, the glacial river Hvítá plunges 32 meters over two rugged tiers into a deep canyon, generating a thunderous roar and dramatic mist. Collectively, these sites provide global travelers, researchers, and professionals with an unparalleled window into the raw force of nature.

 

While the big three landmarks (Þingvellir, Geysir, and Gullfoss) get all the fame, the drive out from Reykjavík is packed with great scenery, unique geology, and a few perfect places to stretch your legs. Depending on whether you take the northern route (Route 36 via Mosfellsbær) or the southern route (Route 1 over the mountain pass), here are the best sights along the way:

Hellisheiði Mountain Pass & Geothermal Area

If you leave Reykjavík via Route 1 (the Ring Road) heading south toward Selfoss, you will climb up into the dramatic, moss-covered lava fields of the Hellisheiði plateau. On a clear day, the views looking back toward the coast are incredible. You will see massive plumes of white steam rising from the landscape, which leads straight to the Hellisheiði Geothermal Power Station. It features a great visitor exhibition detailing how Iceland harnesses its volcanic energy.

 

Hveragerði (The Earthquake Town)

As you descend the mountain pass, you’ll hit the small town of Hveragerði. It is famous for being built directly on top of an active geothermal zone. You'll spot rows of large greenhouses lit up year-round (warmed by the earth to grow everything from tomatoes to bananas). If you have an extra two hours, this is also where the hike to the Reykjadalur Thermal River begins, where you can bathe in a naturally hot river surrounded by hills.

Kerið Volcanic Crater

Further along Route 35 toward the waterfalls, you will pass Kerið, a striking 3,000-year-old volcanic crater. Unlike a lot of dark lava formations, Kerið is composed of a vibrant red volcanic rock covered in bright green moss, with a brilliant aquamarine lake sitting right at the bottom. It’s a very quick, easy stop where you can walk the entire perimeter of the rim in about 15 minutes.

 

Mosfellsbær & Mosfellsdalur Valley

If you choose the northern route (Route 36) straight toward Þingvellir, you’ll pass through the quiet town of Mosfellsbær. The road winds through the scenic Mosfellsdalur valley, a peaceful landscape of rolling green hills, small horse farms, and the historic home of Iceland's Nobel Prize-winning author, Halldór Laxnes (now a museum called Gljúfrasteinn).

Quick Sights to Spot from the Window

Icelandic Horses: You’ll pass dozens of fields filled with these distinct, sturdy horses. There are plenty of small pockets and designated pull-offs where you can safely stop to photograph them.

Mount Esja: As you exit the capital region, the massive flat-topped mountain range to your north is Esja, Reykjavík’s iconic backdrop.

Lakeside Views: Right before entering Þingvellir, you’ll drive alongside Þingvallavatn, the largest natural lake in Iceland, surrounded by dramatic volcanic fissures.